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Rules reference

Conditions in Dungeons & Dragons 5th Edition

Status effects and how they impact characters and play. Dungeons & Dragons 5th Edition is the world's most popular tabletop roleplaying game, where players create heroic adventurers and explore fantastical worlds filled with magic, monsters, and mystery. Using a d20-based system, players roll a twenty-sided die plus modifiers to determine the outcome of attacks, skill checks, and saving throws.

Key points

Conditions define mechanical states that alter what a character can do. Use this page to quickly understand the most common effects and how to resolve them.

Copyable facts
  • 12 classes: Barbarian, Bard, Cleric, Druid, Fighter, Monk, Paladin, Ranger, Rogue, Sorcerer, Warlock, Wizard
  • 9 races (SRD): Human, Elf, Dwarf, Halfling, Dragonborn, Gnome, Half-Elf, Half-Orc, Tiefling
  • 6 ability scores: Strength, Dexterity, Constitution, Intelligence, Wisdom, Charisma
  • d20 system: Roll d20 + modifier vs. Difficulty Class (DC) or Armor Class (AC)
  • Proficiency bonus: Scales from +2 to +6 across levels 1–20
  • Advantage/disadvantage: Roll 2d20 and take higher or lower instead of flat modifiers
Examples
Example: Tracking active conditions

When a condition is applied, note the source and duration. At the start of each turn (or scene), check which conditions expire or escalate.

Example: Stacking and priority

Some systems let conditions stack; others replace. Check your system’s rules for which takes precedence when multiple effects overlap.

Common mistakes (smallest fix)
  • Mistake: Forgetting to clear expired conditions. Fix: Check condition durations at the start of each turn or scene.
  • Mistake: Treating conditions as flavor only. Fix: Apply the mechanical penalty or restriction every time it's relevant.

Dungeons & Dragons 5th Edition FAQ

How does the d20 system work in D&D 5e?
What are the ability scores in D&D 5e?
How does advantage and disadvantage work?
What class should I play as a beginner?
How does spellcasting work in D&D 5e?

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